Display substrate and method of manufacturing the same

ABSTRACT

A display substrate includes a driving element, a switching element, a gate line, a data line, a driving voltage line and an electroluminescent element. The driving element includes a driving control electrode formed from a first conductive layer, and a driving input electrode and a driving output electrode formed from a second conductive layer. The switching element includes a switching control electrode formed from the second conductive layer, and a switching input electrode and a switching output electrode formed from a third conductive layer. The gate and data lines are formed from the second and third conductive layers, respectively. The driving voltage line is formed from the third conductive layer. Thus, misalignment between upper and lower patterns may be prevented to improve the reliability of a manufacturing process and increase an aperture ratio, thereby enhancing display quality.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a divisional application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/338,870 filed on Dec. 18, 2008, which claimspriority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Korean Patent Application No.10-2008-0013953, filed on Feb. 15, 2008 in the Korean IntellectualProperty Office (KIPO), the contents of which are herein incorporated byreference in their entireties.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a display substrate and a method ofmanufacturing the display substrate. More particularly, the presentinvention relates to a display substrate for an electroluminescentdisplay device and a method of manufacturing the display substrate.

2. Description of the Related Art

Nowadays, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices areattracting attention as display devices that can overcome problems ofliquid crystal display (LCD) devices. An OLED device includes twoelectrodes and an organic light-emitting layer disposed between the twoelectrodes. An electron injected from one electrode and a hole injectedfrom the other electrode are combined with each other in the organiclight-emitting layer to form an exciton, and the exciton dischargesenergy and emits light. The OLED device corresponds to aself-light-emitting device, and does not require a separate lightsource. Thus, power consumption is low, and display quality, includingfactors such as response time, viewing angle, contrast ratio, etc., isexcellent.

The OLED device of an active matrix type includes a switching thin-filmtransistor (TFT) connected to a signal line to control a data voltageand a driving TFT receiving the data voltage and applying the datavoltage to a control electrode, so that current passes through alight-emitting element.

In order to obtain optimized characteristics of the OLED device, theswitching TFT and the driving TFT require different characteristics fromeach other. The switching TFT requires a high on/off current ratio(I_(on)/I_(off)). In contrast, the driving TFT requires high electricmobility and stability so that sufficient current may pass through alight-emitting element.

Thus, the driving TFT typically employs a polysilicon TFT having highelectric mobility. In order to manufacture the polysilicon TFT, a methodin which amorphous silicon is heat-treated in a furnace at a hightemperature of about 600° C. to about 700° C. to be crystallized intopolysilicon is usually used. However, a glass substrate is expandedduring the above heat-treatment process, so that misalignment betweenupper and lower patterns is generated to deteriorate the reliability ofa manufacturing process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention obviates the above problems, and thus the presentinvention provides a display substrate capable of preventingmisalignment and increasing an aperture ratio.

The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing theabove-mentioned display substrate.

In one aspect of the present invention, a display substrate includes adriving element, a switching element, a gate line, a data line, adriving voltage line and an electroluminescent element. The drivingelement includes a driving control electrode formed from a firstconductive layer, and a driving input electrode and a driving outputelectrode that are formed from a second conductive layer and formed onthe driving control electrode. The switching element includes aswitching control electrode formed from the second conductive layer, anda switching input electrode and a switching output electrode that areformed from a third conductive layer and formed on the switching controlelectrode. The gate line is formed from the second conductive layer andconnected to the switching control electrode. The data line is formedfrom the third conductive layer and connected to the driving inputelectrode. The driving voltage line is formed from the third conductivelayer and electrically connected to the driving input electrode. Theelectroluminescent element is electrically connected to the drivingoutput electrode.

The driving element may include a first active pattern formed on thedriving control electrode. The first active pattern may includepolysilicon.

The switching element may include a second active pattern formed on theswitching control electrode. The second active pattern may includeamorphous silicon.

The switching output electrode may make direct contact with the drivingcontrol electrode, and thus the driving element may be electricallyconnected to the switching element. The driving voltage line may makedirect contact with the driving input electrode, and thus the drivingelement may be electrically connected to the driving voltage line.

In another aspect of the present invention, a method of manufacturing adisplay substrate is provided as follows. A first conductive layer, aninsulation interlayer and an active layer are successively formed on abase substrate. The active layer, the insulation interlayer and thefirst conductive layer are simultaneously patterned to form a firstactive pattern, an insulation pattern and a driving control electrode. Aswitching control electrode connected to a gate line, and a drivinginput electrode and a driving output electrode overlapping the firstactive pattern are formed on the base substrate having the first activepattern. Here, the switching control electrode, the driving inputelectrode and the driving output electrode correspond to a secondconductive layer. A data line crossing the gate line, a switching inputelectrode, a switching output electrode and a driving voltage lineelectrically connected to the driving input electrode are formed on thebase substrate having the driving output electrode. Here, the data line,the switching input electrode, the switching output electrode and thedriving voltage line correspond to a third conductive layer. Anelectroluminescent element electrically connected to the driving outputelectrode is formed.

The active layer may be crystallized, before the driving controlelectrode is formed. The active layer may include amorphous silicon, andmay be crystallized to include polysilicon. The first active pattern mayinclude polysilicon.

According to the present invention, a driving control electrode, aninsulation pattern and a first active pattern of a driving element arepatterned by using one mask to prevent misalignment between the drivingcontrol electrode and the first active pattern. Thus, the reliability ofproducts and manufacturing processes thereof may be improved.

In addition, the driving element and a switching element are directlycontacted with and electrically connected to each other to increase anaperture ratio of the display substrate and enhance display quality.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features and advantage points of the presentinvention will become more apparent by describing in detailed exemplaryembodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a display substrate according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line I-I′ in FIG. 1; and

FIGS. 3 to 12 are cross-sectional views illustrating a method ofmanufacturing the display substrate illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The invention is described more fully hereinafter with reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown.This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms andshould not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will bethorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the inventionto those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size and relativesizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to asbeing “on,” “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, itcan be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or layeror intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when anelement is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to”or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there are nointervening elements or layers present. Like numbers refer to likeelements throughout. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any andall combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third etc.may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions,layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layersand/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms areonly used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer orsection from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first element,component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed asecond element, component, region, layer or section without departingfrom the teachings of the present invention.

Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,”“upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description todescribe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) orfeature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that thespatially relative terms are intended to encompass differentorientations of the device in use or operation in addition to theorientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in thefigures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” otherelements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elementsor features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both anorientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented(rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relativedescriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Asused herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify thepresence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements,and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of oneor more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements,components, and/or groups thereof.

Embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference tocross-section illustrations that are schematic illustrations ofidealized embodiments (and intermediate structures) of the invention. Assuch, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, forexample, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to beexpected. Thus, embodiments of the invention should not be construed aslimited to the particular shapes of regions illustrated herein but areto include deviations in shapes that result, for example, frommanufacturing. For example, an implanted region illustrated as arectangle will, typically, have rounded or curved features and/or agradient of implant concentration at its edges rather than a binarychange from implanted to non-implanted region. Likewise, a buried regionformed by implantation may result in some implantation in the regionbetween the buried region and the surface through which the implantationtakes place. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematicin nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actualshape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope ofthe invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientificterms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by oneof ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will befurther understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly useddictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that isconsistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art andwill not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unlessexpressly so defined herein.

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a display substrate according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is across-sectional view taken along a line I-I′ in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a display substrate according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention includes anelectroluminescent element 200 formed in a unit pixel. The displaysubstrate includes a plurality of signal lines 132, 162 and 166 and aplurality of unit pixels connected to the signal lines 132, 162 and 166and arranged in a substantially matrix shape. Each unit pixel includes aswitching element Qs, a driving element Qd, an electroluminescentelement 200 and a storage capacitor Cst.

The display substrate includes a gate line 132, a data line 162, adriving voltage line 166, a driving element Qd, a switching element Qs,an anode PE, a partition pattern 182, a light-emitting layer 202 and acathode CE, which are formed on or over a base substrate 110.

The anode PE, the light-emitting layer 202 and the cathode CE define theelectroluminescent element 200.

The gate line 132 corresponds to a signal line transferring a gatesignal or a scan signal. The gate line 132 extends in a first directionDl of the display substrate, and a plurality of gate lines 132 may bearranged in parallel in a second direction D2 that is different from thefirst direction D1. The first direction D1 and the second direction D2may be substantially perpendicular to each other.

The data line 162 corresponds to a signal line transferring a datasignal. The data line 162 extends in the second direction D2, and aplurality of the data lines 162 may be arranged in parallel in the firstdirection D1. The data line 162 crosses the gate line 132.

The driving voltage line 166 corresponds to a signal line transferring adriving voltage. The driving voltage line 166 is disposed betweenadjacent data lines 162, and transfers a driving voltage to pixels thatare adjacent to each other in the first direction D1. Alternatively, onedriving voltage line 166 may be formed corresponding to one data line162.

The driving element Qd includes a driving control electrode 121, adriving input electrode 136 b and a driving output electrode 136 a. Thedriving element Qd is electrically connected to the switching elementQs, the electroluminescent element 200 and the driving voltage line 166.

The driving input electrode 136 b and the driving output electrode 136 aare formed on the driving control electrode 121, and spaced apart fromeach other. The driving element Qd is formed between the driving controlelectrode 121 and the driving input electrode 136 b. The driving elementQd includes a first active pattern AP1 formed between the drivingcontrol electrode 121 and the driving output electrode 136 a. The firstactive pattern AP1 may have substantially the same shape as the shape ofthe driving control electrode 121. In other words, sidewalls of thefirst active pattern AP1 may be coincident with sidewalls of the drivingcontrol electrode 121.

The first active pattern AP1 includes a first semiconductor layer 127and a first ohmic contact layer 129. The driving element Qd may havehigh electric mobility to apply a driving voltage to theelectroluminescent element 200. Thus, the first semiconductor layer 127may include fine crystalline silicon or polysilicon, and the first ohmiccontact layer 129 may include fine crystalline silicon or polysilicondoped with n-type impurities at a high concentration.

The switching element Qs includes a switching control electrode 134, aswitching input electrode 164 a and a switching output electrode 164 b.The switching output electrode 164 b makes contact with the drivingcontrol electrode 121 to thereby electrically connect the switchingelement Qs to the driving element Qd. The switching element Qs transfersa data signal from the data line 162 to the driving element Qd inresponse to a gate signal from the gate line 132.

The switching control electrode 134 is electrically connected to thegate line 132, the switching input electrode 164 a is electricallyconnected to the data line 162, and the switching output electrode 164 bis spaced apart from the switching input electrode 164 a. The switchingelement Qs is formed between the switching control electrode 134 and theswitching input electrode 164 a. The switching element Qs includes asecond active pattern AP2 formed between the switching control electrode134 and the switching output electrode 164 b.

The second active pattern AP2 includes a second semiconductor layer 152and a second ohmic contact layer 154. The second semiconductor layer 152includes amorphous silicon. The second ohmic contact layer 154 includesamorphous silicon doped with n-type impurities at a high concentration.

The driving control electrode 121 is formed by patterning a firstconductive layer, and corresponds to a first pattern. An insulationpattern 123 is formed on the first pattern. The first active pattern AP1is formed on the insulation pattern 123. The insulation pattern 123 mayhave substantially the same shape as the shape of the driving controlelectrode 121 and the shape of the first active pattern AP1. In otherwords, sidewalls of the insulation pattern 123 may be coincident withsidewalls of the driving control electrode 121 and sidewalls of thefirst active pattern AP1.

The driving control electrode 121, the insulation pattern 123 and thefirst active pattern AP1 may have substantially the same shape, becausethe driving control electrode 121, the insulation pattern 123 and thefirst active pattern AP1 are formed using one mask during a formingprocess. The driving control electrode 121, the insulation pattern 123and the first active pattern AP1 are formed using one mask, to therebyprevent misalignment between the driving control electrode 121 and thefirst active pattern AP1.

The gate line 132, the switching control electrode 134, the drivinginput electrode 136 b and the driving output electrode 136 a are formedby patterning a second conductive layer, and correspond to a secondpattern. A first insulation layer 140 may be formed on the secondpattern. The second active pattern AP2 may be formed on the firstinsulation layer 140.

The data line 162, the switching input electrode 164 a, the switchingoutput electrode 164 b and the driving voltage line 166 are formed bypatterning a third conductive layer, and correspond to a third pattern.A second insulation layer 170 may be formed on the third pattern. Theanode PE, the partition pattern 182, the light-emitting layer 202 andthe cathode CE may be formed on the second insulation layer 170.

The storage capacitor Cst is formed corresponding to the driving controlelectrode 121 and the driving input electrode 136 b of the drivingelement Qd. The storage capacitor Cst is defined by the driving controlelectrode 121, the driving input electrode 136 b and the insulationpattern 123. The driving control electrode 121 and the driving inputelectrode 136 b serve as a couple of electrodes, and the insulationpattern 123 serves as a dielectric layer between the couple ofelectrodes. The storage capacitor Cst may charge the data signal appliedto the driving control electrode 121.

The insulation pattern 123, the first active pattern AP1 and the firstinsulation layer 140 have a first contact hole CNT1 partially exposingthe driving control electrode 121. The driving control electrode 121makes direct contact with the switching output electrode 164 b via thefirst contact hole CNT1 to thereby electrically connect the drivingelement Qd to the switching element Qs.

The first insulation layer 140 has a second contact hole CNT2 partiallyexposing the driving input electrode 136 b. The driving input electrode136 b makes direct contact with the driving voltage line 166 via thesecond contact hole CNT2 to thereby electrically connect the drivingelement Qd to the driving voltage line 166.

The first insulation layer 140 and the second insulation layer 170 havea third contact hole CNT3 partially exposing the driving outputelectrode 136 a. The driving element Qd makes direct contact with theanode PE via the third contact hole CNT3, so that the driving element Qdis electrically connected to the anode PE.

The partition pattern 182 covers the gate line 132, the data line 162,the driving voltage line 166, the switching element Qs and the drivingelement Qd, and has an opening OP partially exposing the anode PE.

The electroluminescent element 200 may display a desired image bycontrolling optical intensity in accordance with an output current fromthe driving element Qd. The light-emitting layer 202 is formed in theopening OP. The output current from the driving element Qd is applied tothe anode PE, and the light-emitting layer 202 receives the outputcurrent from the anode PE. The anode PE transfers a plurality of holesto the light-emitting layer 202. The cathode CE covers the partitionpattern 182 and the light-emitting layer 202. The cathode CE faces theanode PE, and provides electrons to the light-emitting layer 202. Theelectroluminescent element 200 is driven by the following method.

Firstly, when a gate signal is applied to the gate line 132, a timingsignal is applied to the switching output electrode 164 b from theswitching input electrode 164 a connected to the data line 162. Thus,the timing signal is applied to the driving control electrode 121connected to the switching output electrode 164 b. When the timingsignal is applied to the driving control electrode 121, an electricchannel is generated at the first active pattern AP1 of the drivingelement Qd, so that a driving voltage is applied to the anode PE fromthe driving voltage line 166.

After receiving the driving voltage, the anode PE provides a hole to thelight-emitting layer 200. The cathode CE receives a common voltage froman external driving circuit part (not shown), and then provides anelectron to the light-emitting layer 200. In the light-emitting layer200, the hole and the electron provided from the anode PE and thecathode CE, respectively, are combined with each other to generate anexciton. The exciton falls to the ground state to generate light. Thus,the light is externally emitted from the light-emitting layer 200through the anode PE.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, although one switching element and one driving elementare illustrated, the display substrate may further include at least onethin-film transistor (TFT) and a plurality of wirings to drive the TFT,so that the electroluminescent element 200 and the driving element Qdmay be prevented from being heated after a long time to prevent thelifetime of the display substrate from being shortened.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a display substrate according toan exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described withreference to FIGS. 3 to 12.

FIGS. 3 to 12 are cross-sectional views illustrating a method ofmanufacturing the display substrate illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Referring to FIG. 3, a first conductive layer 120, an insulationinterlayer 122 and first active layers 124 and 126 are successivelyformed on a base substrate 110.

The base substrate 110 may include a transparent and electricallyinsulated substrate. The base substrate 110 may include, for example, aglass substrate, a plastic substrate, etc.

The first conductive layer 120 may include a conductive material throughwhich electrons may pass. The first conductive layer 120 may include ametal layer. Alternatively, the first conductive layer 120 may include asemiconductor layer doped with n-type impurities at a highconcentration. Since the first conductive layer 120 may be patterned andonly used as a driving control electrode of a driving element, whetherthe first conductive layer 120 is made to be of low resistance may notbe a critical factor. The first conductive layer 120 may be formed onthe base substrate 110 with a thickness of, for example, about 500 Å.

The insulation interlayer 122 electrically insulates the firstconductive layer 120 from the first active layers 124 and 126. Theinsulation interlayer 122 may include, for example, silicon nitride,silicon oxide, etc. The insulation interlayer 122 may be formed on thefirst conductive layer 120 with a thickness of, for example, about 1,000Å to about 2,000 Å. The first active layers 124 and 126 include apreliminary semiconductor layer 124 and a preliminary ohmic contactlayer 126 successively formed on the insulation interlayer 122. Thepreliminary semiconductor layer 124 may include amorphous silicon. Thepreliminary ohmic contact layer 126 may include amorphous silicon dopedwith n-type impurities at a high concentration. The first active layers124 and 126 may be formed on the insulation interlayer 122 with athickness of, for example, about 500 Å to about 1,000 Å.

Thereafter, the first active layers 124 and 126 are crystallized. Thefirst active layers 124 and 126 may be crystallized by using, forexample, a solid phase crystallization (SPC) method. That is, the basesubstrate 110 having the first conductive layer 120, the insulationinterlayer 122 and the first active layers 124 and 126 is heat-treated.The temperature of the heat-treatment may be in a range of, for example,about 600° C. to about 700° C. Thus, the first active layers 124 and 126including amorphous silicon are crystallized into polysilicon.

Referring to FIG. 4, a photoresist film (not shown) is formed on thebase substrate 110 having the crystallized first active layers 124 and126, and the photoresist film is patterned using one mask to form aphoto pattern (not shown). Hereinafter, the crystallized preliminarysemiconductor layer 124 is represented as a “first semiconductor layer127,” and the crystallized preliminary ohmic contact layer 126 isrepresented as a “first ohmic contact layer 129.”

The first ohmic contact layer 129, the first semiconductor layer 127,the insulation interlayer 122 and the first conductive layer 120 aresuccessively etched and patterned by using the photo pattern serving asan etch-stop layer. For example, the first ohmic contact layer 129, thefirst semiconductor layer 127 and the insulation interlayer 122 may bepatterned through a dry etch process using dry gas. The first conductivelayer 120 may be patterned by using dry etch or wet etch.

Thus, the first ohmic contact layer 129 and the first semiconductorlayer 127 are patterned to form a first active pattern AP1, theinsulation interlayer 122 is patterned to form an insulation pattern 123disposed beneath the first active pattern AP1, and the first conductivelayer 120 is patterned to form a driving control electrode 121 disposedbeneath the insulation pattern 123.

As described above, the first conductive layer 120, the insulationinterlayer 122 and the first active layers 124 and 126 are entirelyformed on the base substrate 110, and the first active layers 124 and126 are crystallized. After the first active layers 124 and 126 arecrystallized, the driving control electrode 121, the insulation pattern123 and the first active pattern AP1 are formed. Thus, misalignmentbetween the driving control electrode 121 and the first active patternAP1 may be prevented.

Referring to FIG. 5, a second conductive layer 130 is formed on the basesubstrate 110 having the driving control electrode 121, the insulationpattern 123 and the first active pattern AP1. The second conductivelayer 130 may include, for example, a single metal such as aluminum(Al), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), chromium (Cr), tantalum (Ta),titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), etc., or an alloythereof. In addition, the second conductive layer 130 may include atleast two metal layers, physical properties of which are different fromeach other.

A photoresist pattern (not shown) is formed on the base substrate 110having the second conductive layer 130, and the second conductive layer130 is patterned by using the photoresist pattern serving as anetch-stop layer. For example, the second conductive layer 130 may bepatterned through a wet etch process.

Referring to FIG. 6, the second conductive layer 130 is patterned toform a gate line 132 (not shown), a switching control electrode 134, adriving output electrode 136 a and a driving input electrode 136 b.Thus, a driving element Qd of the display substrate may be completed byforming the driving output electrode 136 a and the driving inputelectrode 136 b.

The gate line 132 and the switching control electrode 134 may makedirect contact with the base substrate 110. In a process of forming thefirst active pattern AP1, the insulation interlayer 122 exists only onthe driving control electrode 121 as insulation pattern 123, and theinsulation interlayer 122 on the base substrate 110 except for thedriving control electrode 121 is removed. Thus, the gate line 132 andthe switching control electrode 134 may make direct contact with thebase substrate 110. The switching control electrode 134 is connected tothe gate line 132.

The driving output electrode 136 a and the driving input electrode 136 bare formed on the first active pattern AP1. The driving output electrode136 a and the driving input electrode 136 b are spaced apart from eachother. The first ohmic contact layer 129 may be exposed between thedriving output electrode 136 a and the driving input electrode 136 b.

Then, the exposed first ohmic contact layer 129 is removed by using thedriving output electrode 136 a and the driving input electrode 136 bserving as an etch-stop layer, and the first semiconductor layer 127 isexposed. Thus, a first channel portion CH1 of the driving element Qd maybe formed.

In a process of patterning the second conductive layer 130, the secondconductive layer 130 is etched so that the first active pattern AP1formed over the driving control electrode 121 is partially exposed. Anarea corresponding to the exposed portion of the first active patternAP1 is defined as a “contact area,” and represented as “CNTA.” In thefollowing process, a first contact hole is formed through the contactarea (refer to FIG. 3).

Then, a first insulation layer 140 is formed on the base substrate 110having the switching control electrode 134 and the driving element Qd.The first insulation layer 140 may include, for example, siliconnitride, silicon oxide, etc.

Referring to FIG. 7, a second semiconductor layer 152 and a second ohmiccontact layer 154 are successively formed on the base substrate 110having the first insulation layer 140. The second semiconductor layer152 may include amorphous silicon. The second ohmic contact layer 154may include amorphous silicon doped with n-type impurities at a highconcentration.

The second semiconductor layer 152 and the second ohmic contact layer154 are patterned to form a second active pattern AP2 remaining on theswitching control electrode 134. The second semiconductor layer 152 andthe second ohmic contact layer 154 are partially removed correspondingto an area of the base substrate 110 except for the switching controlelectrode 134, and may remain on the first insulation layer 140corresponding to the switching control electrode 134 to form the secondactive pattern AP2.

Referring to FIG. 8, the first insulation layer 140, the first activepattern AP1, and the insulation pattern 123 are partially removed in thecontact area CNTA to form a first contact hole CNT1 partially exposingthe driving control electrode 121.

Through the same process as the process of forming the first contacthole CNT1, the first insulation layer 140 is partially removedcorresponding to the driving input electrode 136 b to form a secondcontact hole CNT2 partially exposing the driving input electrode 136 b.

Referring to FIG. 9, a third conductive layer (not shown) is formed onthe base substrate 110 having the first contact hole CNT1 and the secondcontact hole CNT2. The third conductive layer is patterned to form adata line 162, a switching input electrode 164 a, a switching outputelectrode 164 b and a driving voltage line 166. Thus, a switchingelement Qs of the display substrate may be completed by forming theswitching input electrode 164 a and the switching output electrode 164b.

The data line 162 crosses the gate line 132. The switching inputelectrode 164 a is connected to the data line 162. The switching outputelectrode 164 b is spaced apart from the switching input electrode 164a. The switching output electrode 164 b extends to the driving controlelectrode 121 of the driving element Qd and makes contact with thedriving control electrode 121 via the first contact hole CNT1. Since theswitching output electrode 164 b makes direct contact with the drivingcontrol electrode 121, the switching element Qs may be electricallyconnected to the driving element Qd.

The driving voltage line 166 makes direct contact with the driving inputelectrode 136 b via the second contact hole CNT2. Thus, the drivingvoltage line 166 may be electrically connected to the driving elementQd.

Thereafter, the second ohmic contact layer 154 exposed between theswitching input electrode 164 a and the switching output electrode 164 bis removed by using the switching input electrode 164 a and theswitching output electrode 164 b serving as an etch-stop layer. Thus,the second semiconductor layer 152 is exposed to thereby form a secondchannel portion CH2 of the switching element Qs.

Referring to FIG. 10, a second insulation layer 170 is formed on thebase substrate 110 having the data line 162, the switching element Qs,the driving element Qd and the driving voltage line 166. The secondinsulation layer 170 may include, for example, silicon nitride, siliconoxide, etc.

Referring to FIG. 11, the second insulation layer 170 and the firstinsulation layer 140 are partially removed corresponding to the drivingoutput electrode 136 a to form a third contact hole CNT3 partiallyexposing the driving output electrode 136 a.

Then, a pixel electrode layer (not shown) is formed on the basesubstrate 110 having the third contact hole CNT3, and the pixelelectrode layer is patterned to form an anode PE. The pixel electrodelayer may make direct contact with the driving output electrode 136 avia the third contact hole CNT3. Thus, the anode PE may be electricallyconnected to the driving element Qd via the third contact hole CNT3. Thepixel electrode layer may include, for example, indium zinc oxide (IZO).

The anode PE may be formed, for example, corresponding to an area of thebase substrate 110. The gate line 132 and the data line 162 cross eachother, and the gate line 132 and the driving voltage line 166 cross eachother, thereby defining the area of the base substrate 110. The area ofthe base substrate 110 may have a structure in which the firstinsulation layer 140 and the second insulation layer 170 aresuccessively formed, the anode PE may be formed on the second insulationlayer 170.

Referring to FIG. 12, a partition layer 180 is formed on the basesubstrate 110. The partition layer 180 may include an organic materialhaving thermal resistance and solvent resistance such as acrylic resin,polyimide resin, etc. Alternatively, the partition layer 180 may includean inorganic material such as silicon oxide, titanium oxide, etc. Thepartition layer 180 may include a single layer or at least two layers.The partition layer 180 may include a photosensitive material includinga black pigment.

The partition layer 180 is patterned to form a partition pattern 182having an opening OP. The anode PE is partially exposed via the openingOP of the partition pattern 182. The partition pattern 182 covers thegate line 132, the data line 162, the driving voltage line 166, theswitching element Qs and the driving element Qd. The partition pattern182 also covers the anode PE making contact with the third contact holeCNT3.

A light-emitting layer 202 of the electroluminescent element 200 isformed in the opening OP of the base substrate 110 having the partitionpattern 182. the light-emitting layer 202 may include at least a part ofa hole injection layer, a hole transporting layer, an electron injectionlayer and an electron transporting layer. The light-emitting layer 202may be formed, for example, by jetting a light-emitting material intothe opening OP, or by using a thermal evaporation method.

Although not shown in FIG. 12, a protective layer, an absorption layer,etc. may be formed on the base substrate 110 having the light-emittinglayer 202. In addition, a counter substrate (not shown) may be disposedover the base substrate 110 having the light-emitting layer 202 toprotect the light-emitting layer 202 from water penetration and physicalimpact. Thereafter, a cathode CE is formed on the base substrate 110having the light-emitting layer 202. The cathode CE may include amaterial having a work function smaller than the anode PE. For example,the cathode CE may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal,etc.

As described above, the first conductive layer 120, the insulationinterlayer 122 and the first active layers 124 and 126 are entirelyformed on the base substrate 110, and then the first active layers 124and 126 are crystallized. After the first active layers 124 and 126 arecrystallized, the driving control electrode 121, the insulation pattern123 and the first active pattern AP1 are formed. Thus, misalignmentbetween the driving control electrode 121 and the first active patternAP1 may be prevented, thereby improving the reliability of products andmanufacturing processes thereof.

In addition, the switching element Qs is directly contacted with andelectrically connected to the driving element Qd, and the drivingelement Qd is directly contacted with and electrically connected to thedriving voltage line 166, to thereby improve an aperture ratio of thedisplay substrate. Thus, display quality may be enhanced.

According to the present invention, a driving control electrode, aninsulation pattern and a first active pattern of a driving element arepatterned by using one mask to prevent misalignment between the drivingcontrol electrode and the first active pattern. Thus, the reliability ofproducts and manufacturing processes thereof may be improved.

In addition, the driving element and a switching element are directlycontacted with and electrically connected to each other to increase anaperture ratio of the display substrate and enhance display quality.

Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have beendescribed, it is understood that the present invention should not belimited to these exemplary embodiments but various changes andmodifications can be made by one ordinary skilled in the art within thespirit and scope of the present invention as hereinafter claimed.

1. A display substrate comprising: a driving element comprising adriving control electrode formed from a first conductive layer, and adriving input electrode and a driving output electrode that are formedfrom a second conductive layer and formed on the driving controlelectrode; a switching element comprising a switching control electrodeformed from the second conductive layer, and a switching input electrodeand a switching output electrode that are formed from a third conductivelayer and formed on the switching control electrode; a gate line formedfrom the second conductive layer and connected to the switching controlelectrode; a data line formed from the third conductive layer andconnected to the driving input electrode; a driving voltage line formedfrom the third conductive layer and electrically connected to thedriving input electrode; and an electroluminescent element electricallyconnected to the driving output electrode.
 2. The display substrate ofclaim 1, wherein the driving element comprises: a first active patternformed on the driving control electrode, the first active patternincluding polysilicon; and an insulation pattern formed between thedriving control electrode and the first active pattern.
 3. The displaysubstrate of claim 2, further comprising: a first insulation layercovering the driving element; and a second insulation layer formed onthe first insulation layer to cover the switching element.
 4. Thedisplay substrate of claim 3, wherein the switching output electrodemakes direct contact with the driving control electrode via a firstcontact hole formed through the insulation pattern, the first activepattern and the first insulation layer.
 5. The display substrate ofclaim 4, wherein the driving voltage line makes direct contact with thedriving input electrode via a second contact hole formed through thefirst insulation layer.
 6. The display substrate of claim 5, wherein theelectroluminescent element comprises: an anode making direct contactwith the driving output electrode via a third contact hole formedthrough the first and second insulation layer; a cathode facing theanode; and a light-emitting layer interposed between the anode and thecathode.
 7. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the switchingelement comprises a second active pattern formed on the switchingcontrol electrode, the second active pattern including amorphoussilicon.